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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdem | om kozə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdet | ot kozə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋda | ok/ogeš kozə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdena | ona/ogə̑na kozə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdeda | oda/ogə̑da kozə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdat | ogə̑t kozə̑raŋde |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kozə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kozə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑š | ə̑š kozə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šna | ə̑šna kozə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šda | ə̑šda kozə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑št | ə̑št kozə̑raŋde |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdenam | kozə̑raŋden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdenat | kozə̑raŋden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋden | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdenna | kozə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdenda | kozə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdenə̑t | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdem ə̑l'e | om kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdet ə̑l'e | ot kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdem ulmaš | om kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdet ulmaš | ot kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋda ulmaš | ok/ogeš kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdat ulmaš | ogə̑t kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdenam ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdenat ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋden ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdenna ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdenda ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋden ə̑l'e | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdenam ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdenat ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋden ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdenna ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdenda ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋden ulmaš | kozə̑raŋden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋde | it kozə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑že | ə̑nže kozə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | (kozə̑raŋdena) | (ona/ogə̑na kozə̑raŋde) |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑za | ida kozə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kozə̑raŋde |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nem | ə̑nem kozə̑raŋde |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑net | ə̑net kozə̑raŋde |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neže | ə̑než kozə̑raŋde |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nena | ə̑nena kozə̑raŋde |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neda | ə̑neda kozə̑raŋde |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kozə̑raŋde |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kozə̑raŋde ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kozə̑raŋdə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kozə̑raŋde ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kozə̑raŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kozə̑raŋdə̑man |
| Active participle: | kozə̑raŋdə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kozə̑raŋdə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kozə̑raŋdə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kozə̑raŋden |
| Negative gerund: | kozə̑raŋdə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kozə̑raŋdə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kozə̑raŋdə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kozə̑raŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kozə̑raŋdə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kozə̑raŋdə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||